Written by Edzard Ernst and the CAM-Cancer Consortium.
Updated March 30, 2011

Mistletoe (Viscum album)

Abstract and key points

  • Mistletoe preparations are used by many cancer patients.
  • The main claims are that they prolong survival and increase quality of life.
  • Numerous in-vitro data suggest anti-cancer activity.
  • Non-randomised trials suggest effectiveness.
  • The results of rigorous RCTs are, however, less convincing.
  • There are no major safety issues.

Extracts of mistletoe (Viscum album) are highly popular in cancer care, particularly in Europe. They are usually injected subcutaneously. Proponents of this therapy claim that it improves quality of life, strengthens the immune system, has a positive impact on tumour remission and survival of cancer patients. However, the evidence to support these claims is weak. Mistletoe is generally well tolerated and safe.

Citation Edzard Ernst, CAM-Cancer Consortium. Mistletoe (Viscum album) [online document]. http://www.cam-cancer.org/CAM-Summaries/Herbal-products/Mistletoe-Viscum-album. March 30, 2011.

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